Indian Constitution

History of Indian National Flag

Every free nation of the world has its own flag. It is a symbol of a free country. The National Flag of India was designed by Pingali Venkayya and adopted in its present form during the meeting of the Constituent Assembly held on 22 July 1947, a few days before India's independence from the British on 15 August 1947. It served as the national flag of the Dominion of India between 15 August 1947 and 26 January 1950 and that of the Republic of India thereafter. In India, the term "tricolour" refers to the Indian national flag. The National flag of India is a horizontal tricolour of deep saffro

Central Government Cabinet Committees

The Prime Minister constitutes Standing Committees of the Cabinet and sets out the specific functions assigned to them. He can add or reduce the number of committees. Ad hoc committees of ministers, including Groups of Ministers, may be appointed by the Cabinet or by the Prime Minister for specific matters. Appointments Committee of the CabinetThis panel makes appointments to posts of the three service chiefs, Director General of Military Operations, chiefs of all Air and Army Commands, Director General of Defence Intelligence Agency, Scientific Advisor to the Defence Minister, Director Gener

Election Commission of India

An independent Election Commission has been established under the Constitution in order to carry out and regulate the holding of elections in India. The Election Commission was established in accordance with the Constitution on 25th January 1950. Originally a Chief Election Commissioner ran the commission, but first in 1989 and later again in 1993 two additional Election Commissioners were appointed.The Election Commission is responsible for the conduct of elections to parliament and state legislatures and to the offices of the President and Vice-President. The Election Commission prepares,

Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, represents the consequential legislation to Article 21A inserted in the Constitution of India through the Constitution (86th Amendment) Act, 2002. The RTE Act has become operative with effect from 1st April 2010. The GOI had notified the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Rules, 2010 in the Official Gazette on 9th April, 2010. The RTE Act provides the legislative framework for Universalization of Elementary Education (UEE). SSA has been harmonized with RTE mandate. The salient features of the RTE Act, 2009

Amendments to the Constitution

The Constitution (First Amendment) Act, 1950This amendment provided for several new grounds of restrictions to the right to freedom of speech and expression and the right to practise any profession or to carry on any trade or business as contained in Article 19 of the Constitution. These restrictions related to public order, friendly relations with foreign States or incitement to an offence in relation to the right to freedom of speech, and to the prescribing of professional or technical qualifications or the carrying on by the State, et

The Right to Information Act

An Act to provide for setting out the practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, the constitution of a Central Information Commission and State Information Commissions and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. WHEREAS the Constitution of India has established democratic Republic;AND WHEREAS democracy requires an informed citizenry and transparency of information which are vital to its functioning and

Directive Principles of State Policy

Article 36: Definition - In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, "the State" has the same meaning as in Part III. Article 37: Application of the principles contained in this Part. The provisions contained in this Part shall not be enforceable by any court, but the principles therein laid down are nevertheless fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws. Article 38: State to secure a social order for the promotion of welfare of the people. The State shall strive to promote the welfare of the people by

Fundamental Duties

Article 51A: Fundamental duties - It shall be the duty of every citizen of India To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem;To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom;To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India;To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so;To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities;to renounce pr

Fundamental Rights

Article 12 :Definition - In this Part, unless the context otherwise requires, "the State" includes the Government and Parliament of India and the Government and the Legislature of each of the States and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India Article 13 : Laws inconsistent with or in derogation of the fundamental rights - All laws in force in the territory of India immediately before the commencement of this Constitution, in so far as they are inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall, to the extent of such incon

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Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

Foundation Date: December 8, 1991 Headquarters: The Republic of Belarus Executive Secretaries: Sergei Lebedev Member Countries: 12 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) was established on December 8, 1991, and the leaders of the Republic of Belarus, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine signed an a →

What is Bitcoin?

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Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)

Headquarter: New Delhi Function and Objective of the Organization: The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)has been established under Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 which consolidates various acts & orders that have hitherto handled food-related issues in various Ministries →