The gig economy refers to a labor market characterized by short-term contracts or freelance work as opposed to permanent jobs. Workers in this economy are often referred to as gig workers, and they typically engage in:
India’s gig economy is rapidly evolving, driven by digital platforms, changing work preferences, and economic shifts.
| Metric | Data Point (Approx.) |
|---|---|
| Total gig workers (2023) | 7.7 million |
| Projected gig workers by 2030 | 23.5 million |
| Share of gig jobs in India | 1.5% of the total workforce (2023) |
| Major sectors | IT, logistics, retail, education, healthcare, creative services |
Source: NITI Aayog, ASSOCHAM, BCG Reports
According to the study by V.V. Giri National Labour Institute (an autonomous body under the Ministry of Labour), the gig and platform workforce in India is expected to. grow to nearly 62 million by 2047. The growth in the number of gig workers will be driven by technological advancements, shifting labour market preferences, and the growing need for flexible work arrangements.
According to the study, the number of gig workers will double in the next 17 years, which has expanded into various sectors including healthcare, education, creative services, and professional consulting, etc. By 2047, it will constitute nearly 15 per cent of the total non-agricultural workforce. However, the study also notes that under several external factors - such as technological disruption or advancement, regulatory or policy changes, or economic shocks—the gig workforce may grow only to 32-5 million by 2047.
India’s gig workforce is transforming the traditional employment landscape. While it offers flexibility and innovation, it also demands robust policy frameworks to ensure fair treatment and long-term sustainability. As digital platforms evolve and the economy adapts, gig work will likely become a cornerstone of India’s labor market.
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