An earthquake is a vibration or oscillation of the surface of the earth caused by the elasticity or the isostatic adjustment of the rocks, beneath the surface of the earth. It may be caused by human as well as natural activities. Before the earthquake waves hit a region, the amount of 'Radon' gas increases in the atmosphere of that region. Therefore, rise in the concentration ofRadon gas' over the atmosphere of a region indicates that the region is going to be hit by an earthquake. The point, below the surface of the earth, from where the seismic (earthquake) waves originate is called the 'Focus' of the earthquake. The place, perpendicularly above the focus on the surface.
The waves generated during an earthquake are called Seismic Waves, which arc classified into 3 types:
The instruments sensitive to the seismic waves, which help us to measure the intensity of an earthquake are called 'Seismographs' -Different scales are used to measure the intensity of earthquakes such as
The lines joining the regions of same seismic intensity are called as Isoseismal Lines. The lines joining the places which experience the earthquake termors at the same time called Homoseismal Lines.
'Tsu-na-mi' is a Japanese word which means oncoming oceanic waves. These waves are very long and with less oscillation which originate in the oceans due to earthquakes that occur on the ocean-bed. The movement of water with the Tsunami waves is upto complete depth which makes them more caastrophic.
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