COP30, held in Belém, Brazil, in November 2025, marked a pivotal moment in global climate action, serving as a critical stocktake for the Paris Agreement and setting new ambitions for the years ahead. The outcome included significant pledges for climate finance, adaptation, and renewed commitments to protect the Amazon, yet also exposed underlying political tensions and the urgent need for deeper change. What Is COP30?The Basics of the Conference of the PartiesCOP30 refers to the 30th United Nations Climate Change Conference (Conference of the Parties) under the UN Framework Convention on Clim
ASEAN Summit 2025 marked a turning point for Southeast Asia, combining expansion of membership, new peace and security initiatives, and ambitious green and digital commitments under Malaysia's chairmanship theme of “Inclusivity and Sustainability.” Held in Kuala Lumpur in October 2025, it produced landmark documents such as the Kuala Lumpur Peace Accord and the Kuala Lumpur Declaration on Inclusive Green Growth, while also formally welcoming Timor-Leste as ASEAN's 11th member and advancing ASEAN's long-term community visions toward 2045. Introduction to the ASEAN Summit 2025The 2025 ASEAN Summ
The 25th Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit was held in Tianjin, China, from August 31 to September 1, 2025. The summit marked a significant milestone in the evolution of the SCO, highlighting institutional reform, regional security, economic integration, and the push towards a multipolar global order. Summit OverviewThe summit brought together leaders from the 10 member states, including China, India, Russia, Iran, and Pakistan, alongside observer states and dialogue partners. Notable was the expansion of the SCO partnership category, with Laos formally accorded partner status, in
Java Core Tutorial: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners Java has been one of the most popular programming languages in the world for more than two decades. Its platform independence, object-oriented nature, and huge ecosystem make it an excellent choice for both beginners and experienced developers. If you are new to programming and want to start learning Java, this Java Core Tutorial will walk you through the fundamental concepts step by step. Why Learn Java Core First? Before diving into frameworks like Spring or Hibernate, every developer needs a strong foundation in Java Core. The
India, a land where cities have historically blossomed along the lifelines of rivers, faces a critical challenge: rapid urbanization clashing with the delicate ecosystems of these waterways. While rivers are deeply ingrained in India's cultural and spiritual fabric, providing sustenance and supporting a plethora of flora and fauna, their very existence is under threat. Unplanned development, pollution, and the pressures of a growing population are pushing rivers to the brink, says nmcg.nic.in. However, the tide is turning. Recognizing the profound interdependence between healthy rivers and thr
The ocean, covering over 70% of the Earth's surface, is not merely a vast body of water — it's the heartbeat of our planet. It regulates climate, supports biodiversity, sustains livelihoods, and serves as a crucial source of food, medicine, and energy. Yet, despite its abundance, ocean resources are under increasing threat from human activities, prompting a pressing need for sustainable conservation and management practices. Understanding Ocean ResourcesOcean resources can be categorized into several key types: Living Resources: Fish, crustaceans, seaweed, coral reefs, and marine mammals.Non-l
IntroductionIndia’s manufacturing sector stands as a pillar of economic resurgence, intertwining job creation, infrastructure development, and global competitiveness. As the country pivots toward industrial self-reliance, programs like Make in India and PLI (Production-Linked Incentive) schemes underscore a strategic shift, transforming India from an assembly hub into a production powerhouse. Sector OverviewContribution to GDP: Accounts for around 15–17% of India’s Gross Domestic Product.Major Sub-sectors: Automotive, chemicals, textiles, electronics, pharmaceuticals, and defense.Growth Driver
Awards Conferred to PM Narendra Modi by CountriesNamibia (2025): Prime Minister Narendra Modi was conferred with Namibia’s highest civilian honour, The Order of the Most Ancient Welwitschia Mirabilis, during his one-day state visit to the African nation on 9th July 2025. The award was presented by the President of Namibia, Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah, at a special ceremony, marking a new milestone in the ties between the two nations.Brazil (2025): Prime Minister Narendra Modi was conferred with Brazil’s highest civilian honour, the Grand Collar of the National Order of the South
Every year on June 21st, as the sun reaches its zenith in the northern hemisphere, millions around the globe roll out their yoga mats to celebrate International Yoga Day. But this isn't merely a mass fitness ritual; it's a conscious, collective breath, a tribute to balance, harmony, and the timeless practice that unites body, mind, and spirit. From Ancient Roots to Global RecognitionYoga, with its roots stretching over 5,000 years into ancient India, has transcended borders and beliefs to become a universal symbol of holistic well-being. It was on December 11, 2014, that the United Nations off
Hon’ble Chief Minister of Mizoram, Shri Lalduhoma, on Tuesday, 20th May 2025, officially declared Mizoram a fully literate state, marking a historic milestone in the state’s educational journey. With this achievement, Mizoram becomes the first state in India to attain full literacy. The announcement was made during a special function held in Aizawl, the state capital, in the esteemed presence of Shri Jayant Chaudhary, Hon’ble Minister of State (Independent Charge), Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship and Minister of State for Education, Government of India, Dr. Vanlalthlana,
Interior design is a fun and creative field. It mixes art and practicality to make spaces look good and work well. With more people wanting great places to live and work, the need for skilled interior designers is rising. Let’s look at what it takes to have a career in interior design, including nee →
Foundation Date: December 8, 1991 Headquarters: The Republic of Belarus Executive Secretaries: Sergei Lebedev Member Countries: 12 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) was established on December 8, 1991, and the leaders of the Republic of Belarus, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine signed an a →
In 2009, an unknown programmer by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto put forward a whitepaper that proposed a creation of new form of digital currency - cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrency functions the same way as regular currencies do in that its used as a means of exchange, unit of account and a store of va →
Headquarter: New Delhi Function and Objective of the Organization: The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)has been established under Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 which consolidates various acts & orders that have hitherto handled food-related issues in various Ministries →
If you contribute your content to our site. Please mail us your content to editor@onlinegk.net